RESOURCE-RELATED AND ADVANCED LINEAR SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES CHAPTER 10 RESOURCE-RELATED AND ADVANCED LINEAR SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES

10.1 Resource Scheduling The term resources in construction planning and scheduling can refer to the “triplet” of materials, labor (i.e., workers), or equipment, or even crews, which are combinations of equipment with their operators. 자원: 자재, 인력, 장비 It is necessary to carefully consider resources when developing a realistic schedule. 실행 가능한 일정계획 수립을 위해서는 자원을 고려하는 것이 중요함 Resource allocation to adhere to a given availability. 자원 할당: 자원  공정 Resource leveling to improve the workflow. 자원 부하 균형화: 공사 기간 중 필요 자원의 수를 가능한 한 일정하게 유지

10.2 Resource Allocation 자원 제약이 없으면 13일에 완성 가능 자원 제약으로 인해 16일에 완성 2일 지연 1일 지연 필요한 자원의 수 가용 자원 FIGURE 10.1 Example 1: Resource allocation to minimize project duration

FIGURE 10.2 Example 2: Resource leveling to optimize labor assignment 주공정(여유 X) : 이동 불가  Fix 자원 : 6대 필요 자원 : 4대면 충분 FIGURE 10.2 Example 2: Resource leveling to optimize labor assignment (Heuristics: Rule of thumb)

FIGURE 10.3 Example 1: Time–cost trade-off curve Normal vs. Accelerated $27 for 13 days vs. 8 days at $36 10.4 Time–Cost Trade-off Time, cost, and the scope of work (with its quality requirements) are related in what has become known as the “triple constraint” or “iron triangle” in project management to indicate their close relationship. Trade-off between the duration of a project and its cost must be analyzed 공기 vs 공사비 The initial duration and cost, and the accelerated (crashed) duration and cost. 정상 공기 특급 공기 비용 구배 부공정  주공정 주공정 FIGURE 10.3 Example 1: Time–cost trade-off curve

10.5 Linear and Repetitive Scheduling Techniques From cost estimating five basic types of measures are familiar: length, area, volume, weight, and count: 진도 체크 단위 Length of road that has to be paved 도로의 길이 Weight of steel that must be erected 세워질 철골의 무게 The number of faucets that are installed 설치될 수전의 개수 More generic measures that can always be applied to any type of work: 일반적 단위 Monetary value (in dollars) 금액으로 환산된 진도 Percent complete at a particular time 준공률 Construction projects are mostly horizontally linear (e.g., roads, tunnels, and bridges), vertically linear (e.g., high-rise buildings) 건설 진도는 수평적으로 또는 수직적으로 선형성을 띰

10.6 Linear Scheduling Method Linear scheduling has been developed for project control since the early 20th century. The linear scheduling method (LSM) resembles the first of the three LOB charts, but can show significantly more details. Line of Balance와 유사 Activities A, C, E: single crew 시차를 두고 작업 A와 B사이의 여유시간 수평선 : 작업 중단을 의미 : 간섭으로 인한 지연 간섭을 받아 늦춰졌다가 가속하여 진행 B와 C사이의 여유시간 FIGURE 10.4 Linear scheduling method (LSM)

10.6 Linear Scheduling Method Line-of balance quantity (LOBQ) chart and was introduced by Lumsden (1968), but is not found in the original U.S. Each activity is represented with one diagonal line (unless interrupted) in the LSM chart, but with two enveloping lines in LOBQ. Buffer(여유)와 Delay(지연)의 명확한 표시 빈 공간 Buffer 기울어진 점선 간섭으로 인한 지연 FIGURE 10.5 Line-of-balance quantity (LOBQ)

10.7 Case Study of a Linear Project Consider the example of a 10-floor office building for which we will create a linear schedule. The building has two levels of underground parking and mechanical and cooling equipment in a roof penthouse for a total of 13 levels. 지하 2층, 지상 10층, 펜트하우스: 총 13층 FIGURE 10.6 Schematic elevation and footprint

10.7 Case Study of a Linear Project two levels of underground 10-floor office building roof penthouse 공통

10.7 Case Study of a Linear Project FIGURE 10.7 Linear schedule for case study project

10.7 Case Study of a Linear Project 기초 공사 13층 공사 공통 공사 FIGURE 10.7 Linear schedule for case study project