Frequency Bands.

Presentation on theme: "Frequency Bands."— Presentation transcript:

1 Frequency Bands

2 I. Frequency Bands 1. ITU bands 2. ECM bands 3. EU/NATO radio bands alternative 4. IEEE radio bands 5. Waveguide frequency bands

3 1. ITU (International Radio Union) bands
1 (ELF) 3-30 Hz 2 (SLF) Hz 3 (ULF) kHz 4 (VLF) 3-30 kHz 6 (LF) kHz 7 (MF) MHz 8 (HF) 3-30 MHz 9 (VHF) MHz 10 (UHF) GHz 11 (SHF) 3-30 GHz 12 (EHF) GHz 13 (THF) THz

4 2. ECM bands (EU/NATO/US)
A 0 – 250 MHz B MHz C GHz D 1-2 GHz E 2-3 GHz F 3-4 GHz G 4-6 GHz H 6-8 GHz I 9-10 GHz J GHz K GHz L GHz M GHz

5 3. EU/NATO radio bands alternative
I MHz G MHz P MHz L GHz S GHz C GHz X GHz K GHz Ku GHz Ka GHz Q GHz V GHz W GHz

6 4. IEEE radio bands HF 3-30 MHz VHF 30-300 MHz UHF 0.3-3 GHz L 1-2 GHz
S GHz C GHz X GHz Ku GHz K GHz Ka GHz V GHz W GHz mm GHz

7 5. Waveguide frequency bands
R GHz D GHz S GHz E GHz G GHz F GHz C GHz H GHz X GHz Ku GHz K GHz Ka GHz Q GHz U GHz V GHz W GHz F GHz D GHz G GHz Y GHz

8 II. ITU Regions 1. ITU 2. ITU radio spectrum regions

9 1. ITU (International Telecommunication Union) - 국제전기통신연합
- 유엔 산하 기구. 전기통신 관련 국제협력 - ITU-R (무선통신): 1927년 출범 - ITU-T (표준화): 1956년 출범 - ITU-D (개발): 1992년 출범 - ITU Telecom (행사): 1971년 출범. ITU Telecom World 2011 (40주년) - WRC (규정, 협약): World Radiocommunication Conferences 3-4년 주기로 개최. 주파수 사용, 정지/비정지 위성궤도 관련 국제 규약의 심의, 개정, 제정

10 2. ITU radio spectrum regions

11 III. Frequency per Applications
1. Broadcast frequencies 2. GNSS frequencies 3. Aeronautical telemetry frequencies (WRC'07)

12 1. Broadcast frequencies
Longwave AM Radio kHz Medium Wave AM Radio kHz Shortwave AM Radio MHz FM Radio MHz (ITU Region I) MHz (ITU Region II) MHz (Japan) TV MHz Americas, Caribbean, South Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines 54-88 MHz VHF Low-band (Band I), ch. 2-6 MHz VHF High-band (Band III), ch. 7-13

13 1. Broadcasting frequencies
Band I MHz Band II MHz Band III MHz Band IV MHz (BBC) Band V MHz (BBC) Band VI GHz

14 2. GNSS frequencies

15 3. Aeronautical telemetry frequencies (WRC'07)
Ref: M. Rice, DTIC, AD578383

16 4. Short range devices (SRDs)
A) All MHz Hearing aids MHz ISM, non-specific MHz ISM, RFID, NFC MHz Citizen's band MHz China MHz ISM, non-specific MHz Canada MHz ISM, Active medical implants MHz ISM, LPD433 MHz SRD860 MHz Canda MHz Australia

17 2.400-2.4835 GHz Wi-Fi, amateur radio
GHz ISM GHz Automatic toll collection GHz Automatic toll collection 76-77 GHz Automotive long range radar (LRR) GHz ISM GHz ISM GHz ISM

18 B) Global license-free SRD frequencies in MHz
Europe: , , U.S.: , Canada: , Japan: , China: , Austalia: ,

19 C) 대한민국 소출력 무선기기 코드없는 전화기: 3mW = MHz/ MHz 10mW = MHz/ MHz 특정 소출력: 10mW = MHz, 10mW = MHz 무선마이크: 3mW: 74MHz 대역 1mW: MHz 대역 3mW: 220MHz 대역 10mW: MHz 대역 10mW: MHz 대역 무선조정용: 10mW: 173MHz 대역, 산업용(중장비, 크레인) 5mW: 173MHz 대역, 447MHz 대역, 자동문 제어, 자동차 시동 5mW: 311MHz 대역, 자동차 시동 안전시스템: 10mW: 447MHz 대역, 도난/화재 경보장치

20 영상전송용: 10mW = GHz 시각 장애인 유도신호용: 235MHz: 고정장치, 10mW 358MHz: 휴대장치, 10mW ISM 대역 13.560MHz: 교통카드, 모형기기 무선조정 27.120MHz: 생활무선국, 모형기기 무선조정 40.690MHz: 모형기기 무선조정 915MHz: 국가 사용 2.450GHz: 아마추어, 이동체 식별장치, 무선LAN 5.800GHz: 아마추어, 방송중계, 군레이더, 무선LAN 24.125GHz: 아마추어, 고주파 이용설비

21 국내 허가/신고 불필요 무선주파수 322MHz 미만: 500μV/m 이하. 15MHz 이하에서는 6π/λ를 곱함. 322MHz 이상 10GHz 미만: 35μV/m 이하 10GHz 이상 150GHz 미만: 3.5f μV/m, f(GHz), 500μV/m 초과시 500μV/m로 한다. 150GHz 이상: 500μV/m 이하

22 US Amateur Radio Frequency Allocation
송신출력 상한선: 1.5 kW PEP, 200 W PEP on HF bands 160-m MHz 80-m MHz 60-m MHz 40-m MHz 30-m MHz 20-m MHz 17-m MHz 15-m MHz 12-m MHz 10-m MHz 6-m MHz 2-m MHz 1.25-m MHz 70-cm MHz 33-cm MHz 23-cm MHz

23 US Amateur Radio Frequency Allocation
Higher Frequencies (GHz): (76-77 GHz suspended due to vehicle radar interference) All above 300

24 Radio Astronomy Frequencies (Europe)
1. MHz band 2. GHz band

25 Radio Astronomy Frequencies (Europe)
2. GHz band

26 Radio Astronomy Frequencies (Europe)
2. GHz band 86-92 92-94 95-100

27 Cellular Phone Frequencies
Current / Planned Technologies Previous Technologies Band UHF Frequency (MHz) 3G, 4G, MediaFLO (defunct),  DVB-H UHF TV 52-69 (  MHz)* 700 698–806 SMR iDEN, ESMR CDMA (future), ESMR LTE (future) UHF TV 70-83 (  MHz) 800 806–824 and 851–869 GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), 3G AMPS, IS-136 (D-AMPS) 850 824–849 and 869–894 Unknown 1400 1392–1395 and 1432–1435 GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), 3G, 4G IS-136 PCS 1850–1910 and 1930–1990 3G, 4G AWS 1710–1755 and 2110–2155 4G BRS/EBS 2496–2690

28 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Special Pub. 00-40]

29 Radar Power [US DoC, NTIA Special Pub. 00-40]

30 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]

31 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]

32 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]

33 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]

34 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]

35 Satellite Frequencies
UHF-band - Shuttle Orbiter UHF System: backup for the S-band and Ku-band systems , 259.7, MHz

36 Satellite Frequencies
L-band (1–2 GHz) - GPS: GHz, GHz - Satellite mobile phone Iridium: MHz Immarsat: MHz Thuraya: MHz - WorldSpace satellite radio (DAB): GHz - MSS, BGAN, FleetBroadband, Global Handheld Satellite Phone: up GHz, down GHz - COSPAS-SARSAT: search and rescue satellite radiolocation system

37 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]
S-band (2–4 GHz) - Deep space bands: uplink GHz, downlink GHz - Near earth bands: uplink GHz, downlink GHz - MSS (Mobile Satellite Service): GHz - Digital Audio Radio Service (DARS): GHz - Earth-to-space communication: GHz - Space-to-earth communication: GHz - Direct-to-Home satellite TV: GHz - Space Shuttle Orbiter S-band system (STDN, TDRS): GHz - WIDESTAR II mobile satellite comm.: uplink GHz, downlink GHz

38 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]
X-band (8-12 GHz) - Space communication Deep space bands: up GHz, down GHz Near earth bands: up GHz, down GHz - Military communication: COTM (communications-on-the-move) up GHz, down GHz NATO SATCOM Post-2000 - Civilian communication: Skynet Wideband Global SATCOM (WGS), XTAR-EUR Spainsat Sicral, Syracuse, DC-MS Series 2

39 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]
Ku-band (12–18 GHz) - Space communication Shuttle Orbiter Ku-band System: GHz - Civilian communication: direct broadcast up 14 GHz, down GHz

40 Radar Frequency Usage [US DoC, NTIA Specil Pub. 00-40]
Ka-band (26–40 GHz) - Military: up GHz, down GHz - Civilian: up GHz, down GHz VSAT: up GHz, down GHz