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CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)

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1 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
캘리포니아 독극물 관리 제도 New themes: Poison preparedness Don’t guess. Be Sure 짐작으로 하지 마십시오. 확실하게 하십시오.

2 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
“독극성”이 있다는 것은 무엇을 의미합니까? 독극물은 사람이 만지거나 맛을 보거나 호흡을 하게되면 해로울 수도 있는 모든 것을 의미합니다. 거의 모든 화학 물질은 몸속에 어느 정도 남아 있게 되면 독극물이 될 수도 있습니다. “복용양에 따라 독극물이 될수도 있습니다.” Some chemicals are poisonous in very small amounts (for example, a spoonful by mouth or a tiny amount injected by a snakebite); others are only poisonous if a large amount is taken (several cupfuls, for example).

3 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
독극물에 노출되었다는 것은 무엇입니까? 사람이 인체에 해로울 수도 있는 어면 것을 마시거나, 만지거나 맛을 보았을 경우 입으로 섭취하는 경우 해로운 물체를 삼켰을 경우 공기를 흡입하는 경우 유해한 가스, 기체, 먼지나 미세한 먼지가루를 직접적인 접촉 유해물질과 피부가 접촉되거나, 유해한 물질이 눈에 들어갔을 경우 A substance is toxic or poisonous if it can cause ANY negative symptom, even if only a mild rash. Every poison exposure is unique. A minor exposure may not produce any symptoms. Even if symptoms develop, they may not be considered serious enough to require emergency treatment. A poisonous agent may be chemical (such as cyanide), physical (such as radiation) or biological (such as snake venom). There are degrees of toxicity depending on the substance, the amount, the length of time of the exposure and type of exposure (on the skin versus ingestion). The age, weight and health status of the patient also needs to be taken into account. All of these factors determine the toxicity and the treatment needed. For example, the heart medicine taken by a grandmother is essential for her good health. But, the same dose of medicine taken by her 13-month grandchild is dangerously high and considered toxic. It is always best to have every poison exposure evaluated by the Poison Center staff.

4 독극물에 노출되어 받는 영향은 다음에 따라 달라질 수 있습니다.
CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold) 독극물에 노출되어 받는 영향은 다음에 따라 달라질 수 있습니다. 독극물의 종류 독극물의 양 독극물에 노출된 시간 노출의 종류 노출된 사람의 나이, 몸무게, 건강 상태 The effect of exposure depends partly on how long the contact lasts and how much poison gets into the body, and partly on how much poison the body can get rid of during this time. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Paracelsus = Swiss physician and father of modern toxicology. There is a lethal dose of caffeine in approximately 100 cups of strong coffee. There is a lethal dose of solanine in from 100 to 400 pounds of potatoes. There is a lethal dose of aspirin in a bottle of 100 tablets. We survive because we do not take in 100 cups of coffee or 200 pounds of potatoes or an entire bottle of aspirin all at one time. Age and size of the person or species exposed to the chemical is another important factor in toxicity. For example, sodium chloride (common table salt) is another chemical that is toxic, but daily (in very small amounts) is essential for life. Salt has an oral lethal dose of about 3 g/kg. There have been deaths among children who have been given a box of salt to play with, or who have gotten into a salt shaker when adults were not supervising. A lethal dose of table salt for a one–year–old child would be about 2 tablespoons. Source:

5 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
캘리포니아주 독극물 통제 제도에 전화한 통계 51%는 6세미만의 어린이들이 관련된 전화 94%는 집안에서 발생된 사고로 인한 경우 78%가 우리의 독극물 전문가의 전화를 통한 도움으로 독극물에 노출된 현장에서 조치/또는 치료가 되었음

6 캘리포니아 주의 1-3세 사이의 어린이들이 부상으로 인하여 병원에 입원하게 되는 가장 많은 3가지 이유 (2003)
CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold) 캘리포니아 주의 1-3세 사이의 어린이들이 부상으로 인하여 병원에 입원하게 되는 가장 많은 3가지 이유 (2003) 독극물 24% 화상 16% 넘어짐 Three top injury hospitalizations total of 2851 Falls: 1712 Poisoning: 688 Burns/scalds: 451 60% *Source: California Department of Health Services, Epidemiology Prevention and Injury Control (EPIC) Branch. **Note: The total number of injury related hospitalizations in California during 2003 numbered at 5117.

7 어린이들이 가장 많이 위험에 노출되어 있습니다
CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold) 어린이들이 가장 많이 위험에 노출되어 있습니다 0-5 세까지의 아동: 급속하고 예상 할수없는 운동신경의 발달 손에 잡히는 물건을 입에 넣으며 항상 경험에 기초하여 판단하지 못하고 어른들의 행동을 모방하고 맛을 보고 냄새를 맡는 기능이 완전히 발달되지 않은 상태 What are children actively doing out in their world? Exploring, learning, growing.

8 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
어린이들의 입장 키가 2 feet 내외의 정도입니다. 주변 환경을 탐구합니다. 주방, 목욕탕, 침실및 거실에 있는 손에 닿을수 있는 물건들을 만지고 맛을 보려는 호기심을 갖고 있습니다. Activity: Ask the audience to participate and come up with poisonous hazards that children might find in a home. Make this as interactive as you would like. Add more rooms of the home or places outside the home like the garden and garage. Help the audience to imagine how a child might see and feel the world. Facilitate discussion with the audience so that they feel comfortable in sharing their experiences with each other. (Icebreakers and openers allow the trainer and participants the opportunity to learn from each other in an engaging manner. These opportunities help to establish a learning climate.)

9 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
독극물 중독은 언제 많이 발생하는가? 어른들이 유해물질을 사용하면서 주의가 산만해 졌을때 저녁식사전 독극물관리소에 전화가 제일 많이 걸려오는 시간은 오후 4시에서 밤10시사이 입니다. **Image: house silhouette** Most poisonings occur in the presence of an adult (the parent) when products are not in their usual storage area and are in direct reach of the young child. Poisonings tend to occur just before mealtime and when there is a disruption in the family’s normal routine (such as holiday times, a move, a vacation, an illness, family tension or when a guest visits the home).

10 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
가장 일반적인 독극물 화장품/개인용 청결 유지 제품 청소용 제품 이물질 화초들/나무들 2001 data from all US Poison Control Centers: Toothpaste w/fluoride, perfume/cologne/aftershave Bleach Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen Desiccant/Silica Gel (this is what is found in the small envelope that looks like a sugar packet and comes with your new shoes), thermometers, toys = these small objects are mostly choking hazards. Diaper rash ointment, Acne medicine

11 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
개인용 청결유지 제품들 구강 위생용품 후로라이드가 포함된 치약 ,구강세척용 액체 향수/화장수/면도후 사용하는 미안수 머리에 사용하는 약품류 머리를 부드럽게 하는 화학약품, 머리 스프레이 각종 화장품 손톱용 약품 메니큐어, 메니큐어 지우는 약 **Image: personal care products** Personal Care Products include: hair car products (chemical relaxers, coloring agents, hair spray, shampoos and conditioners), cosmetics (creams, lotions, powders, deodorant, perfume and suntan lotions), nail care products (nail polish, nail polish remover, nail glue) and dental care products (toothpaste and mouthwash). Children may be attracted to these products for a number of reasons: they are used frequently (making them easily accessible); a child may see you apply makeup, brush your teeth, or use mouthwash and may try to imitate you; a child may be attracted to the pleasant odor of these products.

12 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
집안청소용 약품류 예쁘고 다양한 색으로 채색된 용기 액체는 아이들에겐 쥬스나 소다와 같이 보일수있음 어떤약품은 피부, 눈, 입술, 혀, 입, 목구멍 과위장을 태울수 있음: 변기 딱는 약 오븐 청소약, 배수구 뚫는약 곰팡이 제거약, 얼룩을 지우는 약 Household Products include: cleaners, insect sprays/pesticides, soaps/detergents, paint supplies, automotive products, weed killers, etc. and tend to be packaged in large, attractive, colorful non-child-resistant containers. These products can be found in many different areas of the house. Many accidents occur with household products when they are removed from their original containers and stored in such things as cups, cans, bowls, soft drink and milk containers. Children think that something in a familiar juice or soda bottle is good to drink. Highly dangerous products such as: toilet bowl cleaners oven cleaners, drain openers, mildew removers, stain removers, jewel cleaners These products burn when they are ingested and will cause more severe damage if the person is made to vomit because the chemicals will burn again on their way up to the esophagus, mouth, tongue, and in other part they come in contact with.

13 세탁용 약품(세제)을 혼합시키는 일은 위험한 일임
염소가 함유된 세제는 절대로 다른 세제와 혼합하여서는 안된다. 액체 상태의 표백제 얼룩제거용 분말 곰팡이 제거용 세제 항상 두번째 세제를 사용하기전 사용한 용기 등을 충분히 말끔하게 닦으시기를 바랍니다.

14 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
의약품 진통제 아세트아미노펜 아스피린과 같은 진통제 부적절한 투약량 성인용 약 = 어린이에게는 유독할수 있다 외국산 약 항상 통제/규제 되지는 않음 보조약품 비타민들 Medicines are the leading cause of serious and sometimes fatal poison accidents. Often times, medications and vitamins very closely resemble or taste like candy to children. Accidents involving medicines often occur by children: eating medicines from uncapped or loosely capped bottles; finding prescription bottles left out by relatives or friends; finding lost pills on the floor; feeding pills to one another from a container found in an easy-to-reach spot; finding pills left on a nightstand or in a purse. IRON POISONING: many children have easy access to iron in their homes (prenatal vitamins); there are over 3,500 cases of iron poisoning per year in children under 6 years of age; this is the most frequent cause of poisoning death in children. HERBAL SUPPLEMENTS: these are not regulated by the FDA (purity, potency, effectiveness); scientific studies have not been done on most and long-term effects are rarely known; drug interactions may occur (between herbal preparations, prescription and over-the-counter medications).

15 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
어린이들과 약 약이 때로는 아이들에게 심각하고 위태로운 독극물의 피해를 주는 경우가 있으며 약과 비타민이 아이들에겐 사탕으로 보일수도 있고 아이들은 어른들이 약을 복용하는것을 보고 흉내를 내기도 하고 어른들은 아이들이 약먹기를 기피하는 것을 달래려고 때로는 약을 사탕이라고 도 함 The majority of calls are about exposures in young children. When they involve getting into adult prescription and over-the-counter medicines, they can cause serious problems. Children are attracted to medicines that look like candy. They can also drink a bottle of cough and allergy medicine because of the taste. Adult vitamins containing Iron and medication that older adults (Grandparents) take are of serious concern.

16 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
화초/식물류 독극물 예방센터에 걸려오는 대부분의 전화는 아이들이 무엇인가를 잘못 먹었을 경우가 대분입니다 . 가끔은 경미한 증세이고, 불편을 주는 증세입니다. 입이 타는듯한 통증 위장 장애 대부분의 실내용 화초/식물쥬는 위험하지 않습니다. 옥외 화초/식물쥬는 위험할수가 있습니다. Know your child’s behavior, if your child is curious about plants remove house plants out of reach. Know the name of your plants MUSHROOMS: The California Poison Control Center recommends that if you didn’t buy the mushrooms at the supermarket, DO NOT eat them!

17 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
식중독 일반적인 원인 부적절한 조리(요리) 음식물을 부적절하게 보관한 경우 비위생적인경우 일반적인 증세 구토증세, 설사, 복통 일반적으로 몇시간내에 증세가 발생함 Every year it is estimated that almost 80 million people get food poisoning. Almost 55% of food poisoning cases are caused by improper cooking and storage of foods and 24% by poor hygiene (not washing hands before handling food). Only 3% of cases are from an unsafe food source.

18 캘리포니아주 독극물 관리제도와 독극물 비상전화
CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold) 캘리포니아주 독극물 관리제도와 독극물 비상전화 전화로 신속한 치료 정보를 무료로 제공함 일반인들의 전화 병원과 의료전문인들의 전화 응급의료 배차인 들의 전화 경찰서및 소방서 주 7일, 하루 24시간 사용 가능함 독극물 피해를 입었을때 도움과 정보를 제공함

19 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
독극물 비상전화 캘리포니아주 독극물 관리제도의 공중 서비스 전화 캘리포니아주 주내 수신자 부담전화 전화를 하신 부모들은 독극물 전문가로부터 즉시 치료조언을 받음 부모님들은 독극물 피해 응급 상황이거나 불확실한 상황일때 질문이 있으시면 전화할 것을 권유합니다. 짐작으로 판단하지 마시고, 상태를 정확히 파악하시고 의심스러울땐 언제든지 전화를 하십시오!

20 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
캘리포니아주 독극물 관리제도 샌프란시스코대 학내 약학대학이 관리하는 아래의 4개의 전화 센터가 있음 Sacramento 에 소재한 UC Davis Medical Center San Francisco 에 소재한 SF 종합 병원 Fresno/Madera 에 소재한 Children’s Hospital of Central California San Diego 에 소재한 UC San Diego Medical Center Managed by the UCSF School of Pharmacy and consists of 4 answering sites: UC Davis Medical Center in Sacramento SF General Hospital in San Francisco Children’s Hospital of Central California in Fresno/Madera UCSD Medical Center in San Diego All calls received in California are answered by one of these 4 call centers.

21 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
캘리포니아주의 독극물 비상전화 신속하고, 개인의 비밀이 보장되고, 전문적이며, 무료임 100가지 이상의 언어로 통역 서비스 청각장애인과 언어장애인을 위한 전용전화 FAST: Poison experts are ready to take your call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. They will answer quickly and you will know what to do. PRIVATE: Your personal information is not shared with any agency. They will ask for your name and telephone number for two reasons: so they can call you back if you are cut off and because they want to call you back within 24 hours to make sure everything is all right. FREE: There is absolutely no charge for a call—ever. You can call as many times as you need.

22 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
누가 질문에 전화로 대답을 합니까? 임상 약사들 의사들 간호사들 독극물 정보를 제공하는 사람들 Specially trained health care professionals -Pharmacists, Nurses and Poison Information Providers (PIP); Many of the staff are additionally trained as Certified Poison Information Specialists (CSPI); The staff have a database of all the hospitals, medical professionals and emergency personnel in California. All staff are trained to handle every kind of poison emergency; Board-certified toxicologists are on call 24 hours a day to consult with health care providers;

23 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
독극물 관리소 직원들이 질문하는 사항 물질명 라벨에 기제되어있는 성분 물질의 량 노출시기 독극물 노출로인한 증세와 반응 독극물에 노출된 사람의 나이와 체중 추후 전화를 할수 있는 전화 번호 These are all important questions to be ready to answer. None of this information will be given to other agencies with (i.e. CPS, immigration, etc). The information is kept confidential and some of it (the substance, person’s age and outcome) will be used for national injury prevention data. The weight of the victim is extremely important especially for young children. The poison center staff will use weight + amount of poison ingested to find out how toxic the poison will be.

24 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
전화를 통화 하는 사이 어떤일이 발생하는가? 독극물관리소 직원들은 아래의 일들을 수행함: 얼마나 심하게 독극물의 피해를 당하였는지 판단함 집에서 치료가 되는지 또는 병원에 가서 치료를 하여야 되는지를 결정함 구체적인 치료방법을 추천함 With the help of Poison Center staff, most exposures are safely managed at home. In more serious cases, Poison Center staff will: Provide referral to nearest emergency facility; Call in advance of patient’s arrival; Monitor progress; Provide treatment advice through follow-up telephone calls.

25 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
언제 전화를 하여야 하나? 독극물의 피해가 의심되면 전화를 하십시요. 미미한 증세가 있을 경우 증세가 없을 경우 다음과 같은 생명을 위협하는 증세가 있을 경우엔 911로 전화하십시오. 발작이 있을시 의식 불명시 호흡을 하기 힘들때 Call anytime you’re not sure just to be safe. If victim is unconscious, can’t breathe, or is having seizures, then you need to call 911.

26 CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold)
일반적인 독극물 노출 예방법 약품, 개인용품과 세탁용세제등을 어린이들의 손에 닿지 않는 위치에 보관하고 케비넷속에 넣어 장금장치를 하십시오 . 유해 물질들은 본래의 용기안에 보관하십시오. 유해물질 사용도중 딴 일을 해야 하는 경우 어린아이들이 혼자서 유해물질 근처에 있지못하게 하십시오. 집에서 기르는 화초/식물들의 이름을 알고 를 이용하셔서 유해물질 정보를 알아 두시기 바랍니다.

27 이피캐 시럽 (Ipecac Syrup)의 안전 보관
CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold) 이피캐 시럽 (Ipecac Syrup)의 안전 보관 독극물 중독시 사람들이 토하게 하기 위하여 오랫 동안 사용되었습니다. 독극물 관리 센타와 미국 소아 협회에서는 이피캐를 집에 보관하거나 사용하는 것을 더 이상 추천하지 않습니다. 만약 이피캐를 가지고 있다면 어린이나 애완 동물이 만지기 전에 잘 싸서 쓰레기 통에 안전하게 버립니다. Syrup of Ipecac Syrup of Ipecac has been used for many years to induce vomiting in some cases of poison or drug ingestion. However the benefit of forced vomiting in the treatment of poisoning has been questioned. These days, poison control centers rarely recommend its use, and recently the American Academy of Pediatrics reversed its longstanding advice that Ipecac should be kept on hand in the home. What should I do if my child has ingested a poison or drug? As always, we recommend that you immediately call the poison control center at (also in California) for advice. In most cases no treatment is needed. In a few cases we may recommend a visit to the hospital emergency department or your physician's office. The California Poison Control System (CPCS) does not recommend alternate methods of inducing vomiting, nor do we routinely recommend the home use of activated charcoal. What should I do with the Ipecac in my medicine cabinet? The American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended that existing Ipecac in the home should be disposed of safely. The CPCS advises that you place it in your trash in a secure manner, such that children and pets will not be exposed to it before it is picked up.

28 오래된 약은 버리는것이 안전합니다. 집안에 오래된 약은 두지 않도록 합니다. 버리십시요. 그러나...
집안에 오래된 약은 두지 않도록 합니다. 버리십시요. 그러나... 약을 변기에 버리지 마십시요! 어린이나 애완 동물이 만지기 전에 잘 싸서 쓰레기 통에 넣습니다.

29 항상 독극물 예방전화를 걸수 있도록 준비하십시요.
CPCS Powerpoint (Gradient Gold) 항상 독극물 예방전화를 걸수 있도록 준비하십시요. 설마하고 방심하지마시고 꼭 확인을 하십시요. 모든 전화기근처에 독극물 예방센터 전화 번호를 비치하여 두십시요. 만약 독극물에 노출된 것 같으면, 독극물 센터에 전화를 거십시요. All parents of children 5 years and younger should have the Poison Action Line magnet/sticker on or near the phone. The three most important safety messages to prevent poisonings are: (1)   Use child-resistant packaging because it saves lives (2)   Keep medicines and household chemicals locked up out of reach and out of sight of young children because some children can open child-resistant packaging (3) Keep the poison control center number next to your telephone and call immediately if a poisoning occurs Always call the Poison Action Line BEFORE using either of these emergency products.


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