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Long-term Prognosis of IBD and Its Temporal Change in Korea

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Presentation on theme: "Long-term Prognosis of IBD and Its Temporal Change in Korea"— Presentation transcript:

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2 Long-term Prognosis of IBD and Its Temporal Change in Korea
AZA/6-MP and anti–TNF agents have been used increasingly more frequently and earlier in both CD & UC. The cumulative probability of surgery was significantly lower over the past 30 years in both CD & UC. Early use of AZA/6-MP in CD was significantly associated with delayed need for intestinal resection by multivariate Cox analysis (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46–0.85). UC CD 아시아 지역에서 서구에 비해, 궤양성 대장염은 더 양호한 경과를 보여주는 것으로 알려져 있고, 크론병은 남성에서 호발, 회장-대장형이 많고 항문주위 질환의 빈도가 더 높으며, 장외증상, 대장암 발생, 대장절제술, 가족 집적성(familial aggregation)은 서구보다 더 낮은 것으로 알려져 있다.3 최근 우리나라의 병원기반 코호트 연구에서 크론병과 궤양성 대장염의 장기적 예후와 그 시간적 변화에 대해 발표되었다. 지난 30년 동안 한국의 궤양성 대장염 환자에서 thiopurine과 항 TNF 제제의 사용이 증가하였고 투약 시점이 빨라 졌으며, 대장절제술 비율은 감소하는 등 서구에 비해 더 양호한 임상적 경과를 보여주었다.4 반면 한국의 크론병은 서구와 비슷한 임상적 경과를 보여주었는데, 시간이 지나면서 장절제술 비율은 감소하였고 azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine의 조기 사용이 이와 관련이 있었다. Park SH et al. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20: Lee HS et al. J Crohns Colitis 2015;9:

3 Availability and drug labelling of biologic agents for IBD
Six biologic agents are currently approved for the treatment of IBD refractory to standard medications 다음은 생물학적 제제에 대해서 최근에 발표된 몇 가지 연구를 살펴 보겠습니다. 다음의 6가지 약제가 사용되고 있으며, 최근에 golumumab이 UC치료에 도입되어 UC환자의 경우에는 3가지 항 TNF를 선택적으로 사용할 수 있겠습니다. Vedolizumab의 경우에는 국내에서는 아직 희귀약제로만 지정되고 보험 적용이 되지 않아서 세가지 항 TNF약제의 장기 결과를 보고한 연구를 말씀 드리겠습니다. Danese S et al. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol Sep;12(9):537-45

4 Long-term outcomes of UC patients responded to infliximab
The ACT-1 and -2 Extension Studies UC에서 ACT 1과 2연장연구에서 PGA score of 0 or 1인 173명의 반응 환자들을 1년간 관찰하였을 때 115명은 반응이 유지되었지만, 37명이 PGA의 증가, 스테로이드 사용, 수술 및 입원, 중단을 하였으며 80%정도는 반응이 유지되었습니다. Results of an analysis conducted to assess the durability of response through 1 year (week E48) of the extension Study are shown in Figure 2. In all, 173 patients in response (PGA score of 0 or 1) at week E0 were includedin this analysis. Among them, 115 (Kaplan–Meier estimate: 77%) maintained their response at 1 year of the extension study. Through 1 year of the extension study, 37 patients were considered to have lost response (14 had a PGA score increase of 2, 14 initiated corticosteroids, three were hospitalized or underwent surgery for reasons related to their UC, six discontinued for lack of efficacy).

5 Disease and therapeutic monitor
Gastroenteology 2011 May;140(6): 다음은 질병의 경과 예측과 치료 반응 예측과 관련된 연구를 살펴 보겠습니다.

6 Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis, 2018. May 31
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring is More Cost-Effective than a Clinically Based Approach in the Management of Loss of Response to Infliximab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease : An Observational Multicentere Study Proactive Infliximab Monitoring Following Reactive Testing is Associated with Better Clinical Outcomes Than Reactive Testing Alone in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis, 2018, 오늘 소개해 드릴 두 개의 저널은 모두 IFX TDM based strategy에 관한 논문입니다. Journal of Crohn’s and colitis 에 올해 발표된 논문으로, 주논문은 IFX LoR 환자에서, TDM strategy 가 기존의 empirical manage 보다 cost-effective 면에서 유용하다는 것을 보인 연구가 되겠습니다. 두번째는 1차적인 reactive testing 이후에 Proactive IFM monitoring 을 시행하는 것이 그렇지 않은 군에 비해 환자의 clinical outcome에 있어 이점을 보인다는 내용의 저널이 되겠습니다.

7 Clinical remission after adalimumab optimization to weekly injection
TRA > 4.9 g / ml TRA < 4.9 g / ml without AAA TRA < 4.9 g / ml with AAA Adalimumab의치료 경과 중 flare하는 환자들은 현재 2주 간격 유지요법에서 1주 간격을 줄이게 됩니다. 이러한 경우 치료 반응을 예측하는데 ADA trough levels과 antibodies against ADA (AAA)을 이용하는 경우 도움이 될 수 있음을 보고한 연구가 있습니다. 82명을 TRA이 적절하게 유지되는 군을 A, 농도가 낮지만 항체가 없는 군을 B, 농도가 낮으며 항체가 있는 군을 C로 하였을 때, 항제가 없이 농도가 낮은 군은 1주 간격으로 투여 간격을 줄임에 따라 임상적 관해 유도, 관해 유지 기간과 FC정상화가 다른 2군에 비해 우월하였습니다. 따라서, 치료 반응의 소실이 있는 군에 대한 접근에 이용할 수 있겠으며,자세한 내용은 마지막 세션에서 좀더 심도 있게 다루어질 것입니다. METHODS: A prospective study included all consecutive patients with in리 amatory bowel disease (IBD) having A disease fl are while being on ADA 40 mg every 2 weeks were included. All patients were primary Responders to ADA therapy and were anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) naïve. ADA trough levels and Antibodies against ADA (AAA) were measured blinded to clinical data (Elisa LISA-Tracker, Theradiag). All patients were optimized with ADA 40 mg weekly. Four months later, in the absence of clinical Remission (CR; Crohn’s disease activity index < 150 for Crohn ’ s disease (CD), and Mayo score < 2 For ulcerative colitis), patients were treated with IFX therapy. Patients were divided into three groups Based on ADA trough levels and based on previous studies: group A, ADA > 4.9 μ g / ml; group B, ADA < 4.9 μ g / ml and undetectable levels of AAA ( < 10 ng / ml); and group C, ADA < 4.9 μ g / ml and AAA > 10 ng / ml. RESULTS: A total of 82 patients were included (55 % CD; mean age = 43 years, disease duration = 7.4 years, Duration of ADA therapy = 17 months). After optimization of ADA treatment, 29.2 % of patients Achieved CR in group A ( N = 41), 67 % in group B ( N = 24), and 12 % in group C ( N = 17; P < 0.01 Between groups A / B and B / C). C-reactive protein level at the time of relapse, disease duration, Duration of ADA therapy, and IBD type was not predictive of CR after ADA optimization by univariate Analysis. The response to ADA optimization was signify cantly more durable in group B (15 months) Than in groups A and C (4 and 5 months, respectively). Fifty-two patients who failed following ADA Optimization (63 % ) were treated with IFX, and 30.6 % of them achieved CR. CR rates following IFX Initiation were 6.9 % , 25 % , and 80 % in groups A, B, and C, respectively ( P < 0.01 between groups C / A and between groups C / B). Duration of response to IFX was signify cantly higher in group C than In groups A and B (14 vs. 3 and 5 months, respectively, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of low ADA trough levels without AAA is strongly predictive of clinical response in 67 % of cases after ADA optimization. Conversely, low ADA levels with detectable AAA are associated with ADA failure, and switching to IFX should be considered. ADA trough levels > 4.9 μ g / ml are associated with failure of two anti-TNF agents (ADA and IFX) in 90 % of cases, and switching to another drug class should be considered.

8 Available and possible future therapies for IBD and their targets
현재 임상에 도입되거나 도입될 기히가 있는 다양한 약제들에 대해서 장기적인 효과와 안전성에 대해서 잘 알아둘 필요가 있겠습니다. 최근 이슈는 마지막 세션에 준비되어 있습니다. Danese S et al. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol Sep;12(9):537-45

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