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Why do firms do basic research

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Presentation on theme: "Why do firms do basic research"— Presentation transcript:

1 Why do firms do basic research
2011 Fall Seminar on Technological Innovation Why do firms do basic research (with their own money)? Nathan ROSENBERG Research Policy 19 (1990) 기술경영학협동과정 고윤미, 한상연

2 1. Summary 구분 분류기준 기초 연구 ∙ 특수한 응용 또는 사업을 직접적 목표로 하지 않고, 자연현상 및 관찰 가능한 사물에 대한 새로운 지식을 획득하기 위하여 최초로 행해지는 이론적 또는 실험적 연구 (예시 : 파킨슨병의 다양한 병인인자 분석을 통한 치료전략 및 후보물질 발굴) 응용연구 ∙ 기초연구의 결과 얻어진 지식을 이용하여, 주로 실용적인 목적과 목표 아래 새로운 과학적 지식을 획득하기 위한 독창적인 연구 (예시 : Aβ 펩타이드 신호전달에 관련된 카이네이즈를 표적으로 하는 선택적인 알츠하이머병 억제제 개발) 개발연구 • 기초·응용연구 및 실제경험으로부터 얻어진 지식을 이용하여 새로운 제품 및 장치를 생산하거나, 이미 생산 또는 설치된 것을 실질적으로 개선하기 위한 체계적인 연구 (예시 : 단일신경활동, 뇌피질뇌파, 근적외선 활용 뇌-기계 인터페이스 실용화) * source : OECD(2002), Frascati Manual

3 1. Summary Why do firms do basic research (with their own money)?
Appropriability, First-mover advantage Unintentional Requirements of doing basic research in firms • Long-term investment • Strong market position (e.g. Bell, IBM, Dow Chemical, stc.) Penzias and Wilson(1978)

4 1. Summary and Discussion
Why do not firms do basic research (with their own money)? Uncertainty in environment and R&D in itself Risk of basic research Free-rider Difficulty in deriving a financial return from basic research Unintentional(Serendipity) outcome : Science<->Technology

5 2. Discussion Where does the differences come from in R&D expenditure by countries? <Figure 3> R&D expenditure rate by type of R&D (major countries) * source : OECD, R&D Statistics 2009 * Total sum of Japan is less than 100.0%

6 2. Discussion Technology? Science?
What’s role of R&D policy from a basic research point of view? Technology? Science? Money Time Capability of Innovation (Absorptive) Etc. f (doing basic research) = Degree of Difficulty Degree of competition Market uncertainty Etc. It’s the SMEs, stupid !

7 Universities and National institutes
2. Discussion What’s role of R&D policy from a basic research point of view? Cooperation GOVERNMENT Large firms Universities and National institutes SMEs Money Knowledge Linkage between the science and technology for innovation


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