Brain-Computer Interfaces for Communication and Control CACM, May 2011
Hans Berger (1924)
한계 뇌세포 두피 사이의 거리 환경 잡음 신호가 약해짐 매우 많은 뇌세포의 일괄적 행위만 탐지 전력선 심장, 근육, 눈으로부터의 잡음
두 가지 패러다임 Evoked Potentials Oscillatory features Transient waveforms Brief Perturbation Phase-locked to an event Time-Domain Oscillatory features Not phase-locked Spectral analysis
BCI (1977)
용어 N100-P200 N: Negative Peaks P: Positive Peaks Numbers: The approximate latency in msec
Varieties of BCI Signals
P300-based Spelling Device (1988)
Cursor Control (1991)
Cursor Control (2002)
Others MEG fMRI fNIR
System Design
Issues Offline analysis vs. Online analysis BCI data classification competition Winning entry Linear classifiers (Fisher’s discriminant and linear support vector machine) Training users “zero training” Non-brain activity (eye movement, blinks, facial muscles)
Applications
Applications Spelling System Wheel Chair Humanoid Robot Video Game
Emotiv
NeuroSky
Conclusion
BCI 2000
Home BCI System