When I was very young, my mother owned a café in a small town

Presentation on theme: "When I was very young, my mother owned a café in a small town"— Presentation transcript:

1 When I was very young, my mother owned a café in a small town
When I was very young, my mother owned a café in a small town. A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town and one day he came into the café and told my mother he could only afford a very small meal.

2 own a. personal, individual ~자신의, 직접~한 v. possess 소유하다 outskirt 변두리,교외 afford 1. pay for ~할 여유가 되다 Can we afford a new car? 2. give, offer 제공하다 The tree affords some shelter from the sun.

3 A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town.

4 A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town.
★과거완료진행형: 과거(past)의 어느 때까지 그 이전부터의 동작이 계속되고 있음을 나타냄.

5 A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town.
★과거완료진행형: 과거(past)의 어느 때까지 그 이전부터의 동작이 계속되고 있음을 나타냄. They in this pool at that time. (그들은 그 시간에[그 이전부터 그 시간까지도] 이 수영장에서 수영을 하고 있었다.)

6 A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town.
★과거완료진행형: 과거(past)의 어느 때까지 그 이전부터의 동작이 계속되고 있음을 나타냄. They had been swimming in this pool at that time. (그들은 그 시간에[그 이전부터 그 시간까지도] 이 수영장에서 수영을 하고 있었다.)

7 A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town.
★과거완료진행형: 과거(past)의 어느 때까지 그 이전부터의 동작이 계속되고 있음을 나타냄. He money for his children. (그는 (이전부터) 자녀들을 위해 돈을 저축하고 있었다.)

8 A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town.
★과거완료진행형: 과거(past)의 어느 때까지 그 이전부터의 동작이 계속되고 있음을 나타냄. He had been saving money for his children. (그는 (이전부터) 자녀들을 위해 돈을 저축하고 있었다.)

9 A homeless fellow had been camping on the outskirts of town.
★과거완료진행형: 과거(past)의 어느 때까지 그 이전부터의 동작이 계속되고 있음을 나타냄. ★진행형이 아닌 단순 과거완료시제는 상태의 계속, 과거완료진행형은 동작의 계속을 의미.

10 My mom said, “Keep your money. If you like, you can do some maintenance. I’ll pay you what I can, plus meals, until you can get back on your feet.” Frank, the homeless man, eventually found a full-time job in a nearby town, met a lady who became his wife, and they became family friends.

11 maintenance (of sth) (건물・기계 등을 정기적으로 점검・보수하는) 유지 preservation, repair The school pays for heating and the maintenance of the buildings. 그 학교에서는 난방비와 건물 유지비를 낸다. car maintenance 차량 유지 (보수) get back on one’s feet 다시 자립하다

12 Mom’s example of _______ has been remembered all my life, and I hope that along the way I’ve been living up to that example. live up to (주의, 신념 등)에 따라 행동하다; (이상 등)을 실행하다

13 Mom’s example of kindness has been remembered all my life, and I hope that along the way I’ve been living up to that example. live up to (주의, 신념 등)에 따라 행동하다; (이상 등)을 실행하다

14 When Europeans and Americans form a visual image of time, they picture bygone days as behind them, and the future as approaching from the front.

15 picture ~를 …로 상상하다 depict, visualize
We found it hard to picture him as the father of teenage sons. 그가 십대 아들들을 둔 아버지라는 게 상상이 잘 안 되었다. bygone [명사 앞에만 씀] 지나간, 옛날의 a bygone age/era 지나간 시대 front 앞면, 앞쪽 <-> back

16

17 But the Aymara in the Andes highlands picture it just the opposite way
But the Aymara in the Andes highlands picture it just the opposite way. When the Aymara are asked about the past, they point backward, evidently because they have already seen the event of the past.

18 But the Aymara in the Andes highlands picture it just the opposite way
But the Aymara in the Andes highlands picture it just the opposite way. When the Aymara are asked about the past, they point forward, evidently because they have already seen the event of the past.

19 By contrast, since the future cannot be seen, it lies behind their backs. The explanation of this difference was given when a study was conducted on Aymara language and gesture. 이유

20 by contrast 대조적으로 lie (lies , lying , lay / leI / lain / leIn /) 1. 사람・동물이 누워 있다; 눕다 2. 사물이 (기다랗게 가로) 놓여 있다 3. (어떤 상태로) 있다[계속 있다/있게 되다] be Snow was lying thick on the ground. 눈이 땅 위에 수북이 쌓여 있었다.

21 conduct (특정한 활동을) 하다 to conduct an experiment/ an inquiry/ a survey 실험/(공식적인) 조사/(실태) 조사를 하다

22 Their outlook on time is reflected in their lack of interest in picturing the future: since it is invisible, it is not worth thinking of. They dismiss any question about tomorrow with a shrug of the shoulder. 이유

23 outlook (on sth) point of view, view, prospects (특정 개인・집단・문화가 가진 인생・세계에 대한) 관점, 견해, 세계관, 인생관 전망 He had a practical outlook on life. 그는 실리적인 인생관을 지니고 있었다.

24 dismiss (고려할 가치가 없다고) 묵살[일축]하다 I think we can safely dismiss their objections. 나는 우리가 그들의 반대를 묵살해도 무방하다고 생각한다. with a shrug of the shoulder 어깨를 으쓱하며

25

26 Some might claim that if we did not pay doctors or university professors a lot of money, they would not undertake the studies required to achieve (A) these positions. I do not know what evidence there is in support of this assumption, but it seems to me highly doubtful.

27 claim (…이 사실이라고) 주장하다 He claims (that) he was not given a fair hearing. 그는 자신에게 말할 기회를 공평하게 주지 않았다고 주장한다. I don't claim to be an expert. 제가 전문가라고 주장하는 것은 아닙니다.

28 undertake (책임을 맡아서) 착수하다 to undertake a task/project 과제/프로젝트에 착수하다 University professors both teach and undertake research. 대학 교수들은 가르치는 일과 연구하는 일을 둘 다 한다. When you undertake a task or job, you start doing it and accept responsibility for it. In support of Assumption Doubtful

29 ★ 가정법 과거의 의미와 형태 If＋주어＋과거동사 ~, 주어＋ would / should / could / might ＋동사원형 ... 「만일 ~라면 ...할 텐데」 현재 사실에 반대되는 일을 가정.

30 ★ 가정법 과거의 의미와 형태 If＋주어＋과거동사 ~, 주어＋ would / should / could / might ＋동사원형 ... 「만일 ~라면 ...할 텐데」 현재 사실에 반대되는 일을 가정. !! 가정법 과거에 과거동사가 쓰이고는 있으나 그 뜻은 어디까지나 현재인 점에 주의 !!

31 ★ 가정법 과거의 의미와 형태 If＋주어＋과거동사 ~, 주어＋ would / should / could / might ＋동사원형 ... 1. If I you, I not what he says. (내가 너라면 그가 말하는 것을 믿지 않을 텐데.)

32 ★ 가정법 과거의 의미와 형태 If＋주어＋과거동사 ~, 주어＋ would / should / could / might ＋동사원형 ... 1. If I were you, I would not believe what he says. (내가 너라면 그가 말하는 것을 믿지 않을 텐데.) 2. If you it, you it. (그것을 산다면 너는 후회할지도 모른다.)

33 ★ 가정법 과거의 의미와 형태 If＋주어＋과거동사 ~, 주어＋ would / should / could / might ＋동사원형 ... 1. If I were you, I would not believe what he says. (내가 너라면 그가 말하는 것을 믿지 않을 텐데.) 2. If you bought it, you might regret it. (그것을 산다면 너는 후회할지도 모른다.)

34 Some might claim that if we did not pay doctors or university professors a lot of money, they would not undertake the studies required to achieve (A) these positions. I do not know what evidence there is in support of this assumption, but it seems to me highly doubtful.

35 Some might claim that if we did not pay doctors or university professors a lot of money, they would not undertake the studies required to achieve (A) these positions. I do not know what evidence there is in support of this assumption, but it seems to me highly doubtful. 이러한 자리를 얻기 위해 필요한 공부

36 in support of …을 지지[옹호]하여 Despite the criticisms, the staff continued to fight in support of their proposal. 비난에도 불구하고 직원들은 자신들이 제출한 제안서를 관철시키기 위해 계속 싸웠다.

37 assumption [C] 추정, 상정, 가정 an underlying/implicit assumption 바탕에 깔린/암묵적인 추정 We need to challenge some of the basic assumptions of Western philosophy. 서양 철학의 기본적인 일부 추정 사항들에 대해 이의를 제기할 필요가 있다.

38 doubtful 불확실한, 의심스러운 At the beginning of the war things were looking very doubtful. 전쟁 초에는 사태가 대단히 불확실해 보였다. If it is doubtful that something will happen, it seems unlikely to happen or you are uncertain whether it will happen.

39 Some might claim that if we did not pay doctors or university professors a lot of money, they would not undertake the studies required to achieve (A) these positions. I do not know what evidence there is in support of this assumption, but it seems to me highly doubtful. 해석? 이러한 가정을 뒷받침해주는 무슨 증거가 있는지(존재하는지)

40 My own salary is considerably higher than the salaries of the people/ employed by the university to mow the lawns and keep the grounds clean. ~위해

41 considerably (격식) 많이, 상당히 The need for sleep varies considerably from person to person. 필요한 수면 양은 사람에 따라 상당히 다르다. mow the lawn 잔디를 깎다

42 My own salary is considerably higher than the salaries of the people/ employed by the university to mow the lawns and keep the grounds clean. ~위해 잔디를 깎고 바닥을 깨끗하게 하도록 대학에 고용된 사람들의 급여보다

43 However, if our salaries were identical I would still not want to exchange positions with (B) them – although their jobs are a lot more pleasant than some lowly paid work.

44 identical 동일한, 똑같은 a row of identical houses 한 줄로 죽 늘어 서 있는 똑같은 집들 Her dress is almost identical to mine. 그녀의 드레스는 내 것과 거의 똑같다. Things that are identical are exactly the same.

45 However, if our salaries were identical I would still not want to exchange positions with (B) them – although their jobs are a lot more pleasant than some lowly paid work 몇몇 급여가 낮은 일

46 Nor do I believe that my doctor would jump at a chance to change places with his receptionist if their salaries did not differ.

47 jump at (기회·제의 등을) 덥석 붙잡다[받아들이다] to accept an opportunity, a chance, etc. with enthusiasm I jumped at the chance of a trip to Italy.

48 receptionist (호텔・사무실・병원 등의) 접수 담당자 In a hotel, the receptionist is the person whose job is to book rooms for people and answer their questions. in AM, use desk clerk

49 ★ 부정어구의 도치: not, no, never, neither, nor, seldom, rarely, hardly, only 등 부정어구가 문장 앞으로 오면 도치 (2) 부정어구 + 조동사/do,does,did/be동사 + 주어 어순

50 ★ 부정어구의 도치: I've never seen such a man in my life. -> Never in my life such a man.

51 ★ 부정어구의 도치: I've never seen such a man in my life. -> Never in my life have I seen such a man.

52 ★ 부정어구의 도치: The telephone had been disconnected. There wasn't any electricity, either. -> The telephone had been disconnected. Nor any electricity.

53 ★ 부정어구의 도치: The telephone had been disconnected. There wasn't any electricity, either. -> The telephone had been disconnected. Nor was there any electricity.

54 Critics say that producers of sugar-sweetened drinks are acting a lot like the tobacco industry of old: marketing heavily to children, claiming their products are healthy or at worst harmless, and lobbying to prevent change.

55 critic 비평가, 평론가 a music/theatre/literary critic 음악/연극/문학 등의 비평가 A critic is a person who writes about and expresses opinions about things such as books, films, music, or art.

56 sugar-sweetened drinks/ beverages
설탕으로 달게 한 음료 of old (격식 또는 문예체) 옛날의; 옛날부터 in days of old 옛날에는 We know him of old. 우리는 옛날부터 그를 알았다.

57 at worst 최악의 경우에, 아무리 나빠도 At the very worst, he'll have to pay a fine. 가장 최악의 경우에는 그가 벌금을 내야 할 것이다. lobby (정치적인) 로비를 하다[영향력을 행사하다] Women's groups are lobbying to get more public money for children. 여성 단체들이 아동들에 대한 공공 비용을 늘리도록 영향력을 행사하고 있다.

58 Critics say that producers of sugar-sweetened drinks are acting a lot like the tobacco industry of old: marketing heavily to children, claiming their products are healthy or at worst harmless, and lobbying to prevent change. 해석? 아이들에게 과하게 마케팅하고, 그들의 제품이 건강에 좋거나 최악의 경우에도 해롭지 않다고 주장하고, 변화를 막기 위해 로비를 하는 등.

59 The industry says there are critical differences: in moderate quantities soda isn’t harmful, nor is (A) it addictive. The problem is that at roughly 50 gallons per person per year, our consumption of soda, /not to mention other sugar-sweetened beverages/, is far from moderate. 주어

60 moderate 1. 보통의, 중간의 Even moderate amounts of the drug can be fatal. 그 약물은 보통 정도의 양이라도 치명적일 수가 있다. 2. 적당한, 적정한 a moderate drinker 술을 적당히 마시는 사람

61 roughly 대략, 거의 Sales are up by roughly 10%. 매출이 대략 10% 올랐다. gallon (약어:gal.) 갤런(액량 단위. 영국, 캐나다를 포함한 다른 국가들에서는 4.5리터, 미국에서는 3.8리터)

62 consumption (에너지・식품・물질의) 소비[소모](량) Gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather. 날씨가 추울 때는 항상 가스와 기름 소비가 증가한다. not to mention …은 말할 것도 없고[물론이고] He has two big houses in this country, not to mention his villa in France. 그는 이 나라에 대저택이 두 채 있어. 프랑스에 빌라가 있는 것은 말할 것도 없고.

63 far from 전혀[결코] ~이 아닌[~이 아니라 오히려 (그 반대인)] It is far from clear what he intends to do. 그가 무엇을 하려는지가 전혀 분명하지 않다. Computers, far from destroying jobs, can create employment. 컴퓨터는 일자리를 없애는 것이 아니라 오히려 일자리를 창출할 수 있다.

64 ★ 부정어구의 도치: not, no, never, neither, nor, seldom, rarely, hardly, only 등 부정어구가 문장 앞으로 오면 도치 (2) 부정어구 + 조동사/do,does,did/be동사 + 주어 어순 (3) nor: '~도 아니다, 또한 없다'의 뜻

65 ★ 부정어구의 도치: I've never seen such a man in my life. -> Never in my life such a man.

66 ★ 부정어구의 도치: I've never seen such a man in my life. -> Never in my life have I seen such a man.

67 The industry says there are critical differences: in moderate quantities soda isn’t harmful, nor is (A) it addictive. The problem is that at roughly 50 gallons per person per year, our consumption of soda, not to mention other sugar-sweetened beverages, is far from moderate. 해석?

68 The industry says there are critical differences: in moderate quantities soda isn’t harmful, nor is (A) it addictive. The problem is that at roughly 50 gallons per person per year, our consumption of soda, not to mention other sugar-sweetened beverages, is far from moderate. 해석? 적당한 양으로는 소다(탄산음료)가 해롭지 않고, 또한 중독성도 없다는 것이다.

69 Therefore, beverage manufacturers can make it easier for everyone to drink more healthfully by creating beverages that are simply less sweet. Worse, it appears to be an important factor in the rise in childhood obesity.

70 manufacturer (상품을 대량으로 만들어 내는) 제조자[사], 생산 회사 a car / computer manufacturer 자동차/컴퓨터 생산 회사 A manufacturer is a business or company which makes goods in large quantities to sell. the world's largest doll manufacturer

71 Therefore, beverage manufacturers can make it easier for everyone to drink more healthfully by creating beverages that are simply less sweet. Worse, it appears to be an important factor in the rise in childhood obesity. 해석? 음료수 제조업자들은 모두가 더 건강하게 마시는 걸 더 쉽게 할 수 있다/ 그저 덜 단 음료를 만듦으로써.

72 appear [진행형으로는 쓰이지 않음] …인 것 같다 She appeared to be in her late thirties. 그녀는 (나이가) 삼십대 후반쯤 된 것 같았다. obesity 비만, 비대 the excessive consumption of sugar that leads to problems of obesity.

73 This increase is at least partly responsible for a rise in what can no longer be called “adult onset” diabetes – because more and more children are now developing (B) it.

74 responsible for (…을) 책임지고[책임 맡고] 있는 Mike is responsible for designing the entire project. 마이크가 그 프로젝트 전체를 디자인하는 것을 책임지고 있다. If someone or something is responsible for a particular event or situation, they are the cause of it or they can be blamed for it. He still felt responsible for her death.

75 what (…한) 것[일]; 어떤[무슨] 것[일]; …하는 모든 What you need is a good meal. 당신에게 필요한 것은 맛있는 식사이다. Nobody knows what will happen next. 다음에 무슨 일이 일어날지는 아무도 모른다. I spent what little time I had with my family. 나는 내가 가진 얼마 안 되는 모든 시간을 가족과 함께 보냈다.

76 at least 적어도, 최소한 It'll cost at least 500 dollars. 그것은 적어도 500달러는 들[할] 것이다. no longer/ not any longer 더 이상 …아닌[하지 않는] I can't wait any longer. 난 더 이상 기다릴 수 없어. He no longer lives here. 그는 이제 더 이상 여기 안 살아요.

77 adult onset diabetes (병리) 성인기 발증형(發症型) 당뇨병 onset (특히 불쾌한 일의) 시작 the onset of disease / old age / winter 질병/노년/겨울의 시작 The onset of something is the beginning of it, used especially to refer to something unpleasant.

78 develop (병・문제가) 생기다; (…에) 영향을 주기 시작하다 Her son developed asthma when he was two. 그녀의 아들은 두 살 때 천식이 생겼다. If you develop an illness, or if it develops, you become affected by it. The test should identify which smokers are most prone to develop lung cancer

79 ★관계대명사 what의 용법 (1)「선행사를 포함한 관계대명사」~한 것 (2) = the thing which (3) 명사절을 이끈다. 따라서 문장의 주어, 목적어, 보어로 쓰임.

80 ★관계대명사 what의 용법 •What he said is true. (그가 말한 것은 사실이다.) •I don’t believe what he said. (나는 그가 말한 것을 믿지 않는다.) •That is what he said. (그것은 그가 말한 것이다.)

81 ★관계대명사 what의 용법 •What he said is true. (그가 말한 것은 사실이다.) < ☞ What he said는 주어 > •I don’t believe what he said. (나는 그가 말한 것을 믿지 않는다.) < ☞ what he said는 목적어 > •That is what he said. (그것은 그가 말한 것이다.) < ☞ what he said는 보어>

82 ★관계대명사 what의 용법 •You may do (당신이 하고 싶은 것을 해도 좋다.)

83 ★관계대명사 what의 용법 •You may do what you’d like to do. (당신이 하고 싶은 것을 해도 좋다.) •She is not (그녀는 예전의 그녀가 아니다.)

84 ★관계대명사 what의 용법 •You may do what you’d like to do. (당신이 하고 싶은 것을 해도 좋다.) •She is not what she was. (그녀는 예전의 그녀가 아니다.)

85 This increase is at least partly responsible for a rise in what can no longer be called “adult onset” diabetes – because more and more children are now developing (B) it. 해석?

86 This increase is at least partly responsible for a rise in what can no longer be called “adult onset” diabetes – because more and more children are now developing (B) it. 해석? 이러한 증가는 최소한 부분적으로 책임이 있다/ 더 이상 “성인에게 발병하는” 당뇨병이라 불릴 수 없는 것의 증가에…

87 Abraham Lincoln was once advised to buy cheap iron rails from Britain to finish the railroad across the U.S. He replied, “It seems to me that if we buy the rails from England, then we’ve got the rails and they’ve got the money. But if we build rails here, we’ve got our rails and we’ve got our money.”

88 rail [주로 복수로] (철도의) 레일 railroad 철로, 철도

89 ★It seems that ~ : ~인 것 같다 확신이 없거나 정중하게 의견을 말할 때 쓰임. It seems that 지금 계절은 여름인 것 같다. = This season seems to be summer.

90 ★It seems that ~ : ~인 것 같다 It seems that this season is summer . 지금 계절은 여름인 것 같다. = This season seems to be summer. (2) It seems that 그녀는 우울한 것 같다. = She seems to be depressed.

91 ★It seems that ~ : ~인 것 같다 (2) It seems that she is depressed . 그녀는 우울한 것 같다. = She seems to be depressed.

92 Abraham Lincoln was once advised to buy cheap iron rails from Britain to finish the railroad across the U.S. He replied, “It seems to me that if we build rails from England, then we’ve got the rails and they’ve got the money. But if we build rails here, we’ve got our rails and we’ve got our money.” 해석?

93 Abraham Lincoln was once advised to buy cheap iron rails from Britain to finish the railroad across the U.S. He replied, “It seems to me that if we buy rails from England, then we’ve got the rails and they’ve got the money. But if we build rails here, we’ve got our rails and we’ve got our money.” 해석? 나에게는/ 우리가 영국으로부터 철로를 사면 우리는 철로를 얻고 그들은 돈을 얻을 것처럼 보인다.

94

95 To understand the benefits of trade, we must find what is wrong with Mr. Lincoln’s economics. Let me explain. If I buy meat from the butcher, then I get the meat and he gets the money. But if I raise a cow in my backyard for three years and kill it myself, then I’ve got the meat and I’ve got my money.

96 economics [U] 경제학 He studied politics and economics at Yale. 그는 예일대에서 정치학과 경제학을 공부했다. Keynesian / Marxist economics 케인즈/마르크스 경제학

97 butcher 정육점 주인; 도살업자 A butcher is a shopkeeper who cuts up and sells meat. Some butchers also kill animals for meat and make foods such as sausages and meat pies.

98 Why don’t I keep a cow in my backyard
Why don’t I keep a cow in my backyard? Because it would be a tremendous waste of time – time that I could have used to do something else far more productive. Countries trade with each other because it to do things that they are better at.

99 tremendous 엄청난 a tremendous explosion 엄청난 폭발 You use tremendous to emphasize how strong a feeling or quality is, or how large an amount is. I felt a tremendous pressure on my chest.

100 productive (상품・작물을 특히 대량으로) 생산[산출]하는 highly productive farming land 대단히 생산성 높은 농지 결실 있는, 생산적인 fruitful a productive meeting 결실 있는 회의 My time spent in the library was very productive. 내가 도서관에서 보낸 시간은 아주 생산적이었다.

101 ★could have p.p 용법 ~할 수 있었는데 (못했어). (일어나지 않은 일) I could've helped you, but I couldn't. 도와줄 수 있었는데 못했어

102 ★could have p.p 용법 (2) ~였을지 몰라 (=may, might) It could’ve rained in the afternoon. = It might(may) have rained in the afternoon. 오후에 비 왔을지도 몰라 (3) 부정적 추측 It couldn’t have rained in the afternoon. = It cannot have rained in the afternoon. 오후에 비 왔을 리 없어(불가능)

103 ★could have p.p 용법 (1) ~할 수 있었는데 못했어. (일어나지 않은 일) I could've helped you, but I couldn't. 도와줄 수 있었는데 못했어 You me the money, but you didn't. 그 돈 빌려줄 수도 있었는데, 그러지 않았지

104 ★could have p.p 용법 (1) ~할 수 있었는데 못했어. (일어나지 않은 일) I could've helped you, but I couldn't. 도와줄 수 있었는데 못했어 You could’ve lent me the money, but you didn't. 그 돈 빌려줄 수도 있었는데, 그러지 않았지 You me last night. 어젯밤 나한테 전화할 수 있었잖아(실제 전화 안했음)

105 ★could have p.p 용법 (1) ~할 수 있었는데 못했어. (일어나지 않은 일) I could've helped you, but I couldn't. 도와줄 수 있었는데 못했어 You could’ve lent me the money, but you didn't. 그 돈 빌려줄 수도 있었는데, 그러지 않았지 You could’ve called me last night. 어젯밤 나한테 전화할 수 있었잖아(실제 전화 안했음)

106 ★could have p.p 용법 (1) ~할 수 있었는데 못했어. (일어나지 않은 일) If I had worked harder, I well in my exam. 시험 잘 볼 수 있었는데(실제 잘 못봤음)

107 ★could have p.p 용법 (1) ~할 수 있었는데 못했어. (일어나지 않은 일) If I had worked harder, I could’ve done well in my exam. 시험 잘 볼 수 있었는데(실제 잘 못봤음)

108 Why don’t I keep a cow in my backyard
Why don’t I keep a cow in my backyard? Because it would be a tremendous waste of time – time that I could have used to do something else far more productive. Countries trade with each other because it to do things that they are better at. 해석? 내가 훨씬 더 생산성이 있는 어떤 것을 하는 데에 사용했을 수 있는 시간

109 be better at~ ~을 더 잘하다 Cf. be good at~ ~을 잘하다

110 Why don’t I keep a cow in my backyard
Why don’t I keep a cow in my backyard? Because it would be a tremendous waste of time – time that I could have used to do something else far more productive. Countries trade with each other because it frees up time and resources to do things that they are better at. 왜냐하면 그건 그들이 더 잘하는 것을 하도록 시간과 자원을 이용하게 해주기 때문이다.

111 free (make available) (특정한 목적을 위해) ~을 마련하다 (하고 싶은 일을 할) 시간을 주다 We freed time each week for a project meeting. 우리는 매주 프로젝트 회의 시간을 마련했다. The government has promised to free up more resources for education. 정부가 교육을 위해 더 많은 재원을 마련하겠다고 약속했다.