제 12 장

She is singing a song.( 진행 ) Seeing is believing.( S, C ) * I like singing.( O ) (=To see is to believe.) (= I like to sing.) I’m looking forward to seeing you.( 전치사 목적어 ) a) 현재분사 : ( 동사 + 형용사 ) => 진행형, 명사수식, 보어 The barking dog does not bite.( 명사수식 ) b) 동 명 사 : ( 동사 + 명사 ) => 주어, 목적어, 보어 c) 동명사 + 명사, 현재분사 + 명사 => 현재분사 => 동명사 ( 상태, 동작 ) ( 용도, 목적 ) sleeping car : sleeping baby: 동사 원형 + ~ing 동명사와 현재분사 비교 ◈현재분사, 동명사 => I saw him running.( 보어 )

I am ashamed of being foolish. 동명사의 의미상의 주어 ※ That she came here was surprising. => 부정사 :( ) to come here was surprising. => 동명사 :( ) coming here was surprising. For her Her 1. 본문 주어와 같은 경우 => ( 생략 ) He is proud of being a scholar. = He is proud that he is scholar. 2. 목적어와 같은 경우 => ( 생략 ) I punished him for being dishonest. (for: 이유 ) = I punished him because he was dishonest. 3. 동명사 의미상 주어 : ( 소유격 ) or ( 명사의 목적격 ) (Tom’s, Tom) his

She doesn’t like being treated like a child.( 수동동명 ) This watch needs(= wants) repairing. ( 능동동명사 ) = This watch needs to be repaired. ( 수동부정사 ) ≠ This watch needs being repaired. ( 수동동명사 (X)) I am sure that I will pass the exam. ⇒ I am sure that he will come. ⇒ = ( 의미 ) : She is sorry that Tom will not come to the party. ⇒ ( 심화학습 ) I am sure of passing the exam. I am sure of his coming. He is sure to come. She is sorry for Tom not coming to the party. ※ 동명사 수동태 ( 관용적 표현 ) ( ◈ want, need, require + 능동 동명사, 수동 부정사 )

He is proud of being rich. = He was proud of his father’s being rich. = 동 명 사 시 제 ( 동사 원형 ) ( 단순형 동명사 ) ( 완료형 동명사 ) make making having made 1. 단순형 동명사 : => He is proud that he is rich. He was proud that his father was rich. I am ashamed of his having been poor. = I was ashamed of Tom having been poor. = 2. 완료형 동명사 :=> I am ashamed that he was (=has been) poor. I was ashamed that Tom had been poor. ( 본문 시제와 동일 ) ( 본문 시제보다 하나 더 과거 )

3.feel like ~ ing = be(=feel) inclined to + do( 원형 ) ( ~ 하고 싶은 생각이 들다.) 동명사 관용적 표현 1.cannot help ~ing = cannot(=choose) but+ 동사 원형 (~ 하지 않을 수 없다. ) 2.On(=Upon) ~ing =as soon as+ 주어 + 동사 (~ 하자마자 ) in ~ ing = when ( ~ 할 때 ) I cannot help laughing. = I cannot but laugh. On(=Upon) reaching Seoul, he called me. = As soon as he reached Seoul, he called me. In learning English, you must speak a lot. = When you learn English, you must speak a lot. I feel like seeing a movie. = I am(=feel) inclined to see a movie.

6. of one’s own ~ ing : ( 자기가 직접 ~ 한 ) 4. It is no use(=good) ~ ing = It is of no use to + do (~ 해도 소용없다.) 5. There is no ~ ing = It is impossible to + do ( ~ 할 수 없다.) It is no use(=good) crying over spilt milk. = It is of no use to cry over spilt milk. There is no denying the fact. = It is impossible to deny the fact. This is a picture of my own painting. = This is a picture (which is) painted by myself. 7. on the point (=brink ) of ~ing = be about to + 원형 ( 막 ~ 하려 하다.) He was on the point(=brink) of going out. = He was about to go out.

9. be worth ~ ing = be worth while to + do = be worthy of + ( 동 ) 명사 :(~ 할 가치가 있다.) 8. look forward to + ( 동 ) 명사 :( ~ 을 기대하다.) This book is worth reading. = It is worth while to read this book. = It is worthy of reading this book. He looks forward to going there. 10. It goes without saying that ~ : (~ 은 말할 = It is needless to say that~ 필요도 없다.) It goes without saying that time is money. = It is needless to say that time is money. 11. cannot(=never)~ without ~ing : (~ 하면 반드시 = cannot(=never) ~ but + 주어 + 동사 ~ 하다.) They cannot meet each other without quarreling. = They cannot meet each other but they quarrel.

1. To + 동명사 * with a view to ~ing = for the purpose of ~ing ( ~ 할 목적으로 ) * be used to ~ing = be accustomed to ~ing = be good at ~ing ( ~ 에 익숙 하다 ) * object to ~ing = be opposed to ~ing ( ~ 에 반대하다 ) ex): I object to doing the work. 의 관용어구 2. 기타 * What( =How ) about ~ing ? :( ~ 하는 것이 어때 ? ) * in spite of ~ ing : ( ~ 에도 불구하고 ) * be busy (in) ~ing : ( ~ 하느라 바쁘다.) * have difficulty (in) ~ing : (~ 하는데 어렵다 ) ex): He had no difficulty in taking off the cap.