Digestive system

Functions Ingestion Digestion Absorption Compaction Defecation

Digestive tract Accessory organs mouth pharynx esohphagus stomach small intestine large intesine Accessory organs teeth tongus salivary glands liver gallblader pancreas

Tissue layers

Innervation Swallowing - Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ansa cervicalis Salivary glands - Ⅶ, Ⅸ Esophagus~anal canal - ANS

Circulation 6

Peritoneum

Peritoneum

Intraperitoneal - Retroperitoneal -

Mouth

Tongue Ⅻ Ⅹ Ⅺ Ⅴ Ⅶ

Teeth 20 32 2 3 6~30month 6~25years incisor canine molar 2 1 incisor premolar molar 2 1 3 32 2 3 6~25years

* permanent teeth

Salivary glands amylase lingual lipase mucus lysozyme Ig A electrolyte mumps, serum amylase lingual lipase mucus lysozyme Ig A electrolyte mixed mucus

Pharynx & Esophagus Skelectal Mix Smooth T10, esophageal hiatus

Stomach 50ml ➠ 1~1.5L ➠ 4L Digestion of proteins & fat

HCl VS mucus HCl, intrinsic factor(B12), lipase, pepsinogen Mucous coat Tight junctions Epithelial replacement gastrin

분비세포 분비물 기능 목점액세포 점액 염산과 효소로부터 점막층 보호 벽세포 염산 펩신과 침 지질분해효소를 활성 내인성인자 작은창자가 B12를 흡수할 수 있게 함 그렐린 위가 비었을 때 배고픔의 감각을 인식하게 함 으뜸세포 펩시노겐 펩신을 소화단백질로 전환 G세포 가스트린 염산과 효소를 분비 촉진(주로 벽세포 자극) D세포 소마토스타틴 위분부물과 운동 억제(주로 벽세포 억제) 친크롬은세포 히스타민 염산 분비 촉진(벽세포 자극) 세로토닌 위운동을 자극

Small intestine 4~8m 25cm duodental papillia peyer patches 2.5cm 텍스트 돌막창자판막 peyer patches

absorb mucus chyle Intestinal crypts -resist bacterial invasion

Large intestine Immune cell Simple columnar epithelium - absorb

Involuntary Voluntary Hemorrhoids

Accessory glands of digestion Liver Gallbladder Pancreas

Function of the liver Digestion Bile acids, lecithin Carbohydrate metabolism Galactose ➢ glucose, Stabilizes blood glucose, Lipid metabolism Lipogenesis Protein & amino acid metabolism Remove NH2, Ammonia ➢ Urea, N ➢ urine Synthesis of plasma proteins Vit D3 ➢ Calcidiol, Suply Vit D, Vit A, Vit B12 Disposal of drug, toxins, hormones Detoxifile, Bilirubin Cleansing of blood Hepatic macrophages

liver 1.4kg,

Hepatic triad Hepatic lobule Kupffer cells

온간동맥

Gallbladder Rt. Lt. Store & Concentrate the bile Sphincter of oddi

Pancreas Store & Concentrate the bile Sphincter of oddi Rt. Lt. Endocrine - α(glucagon), β(Insulin), δ(somatostantin) Exocrine - zymogens, Enzymes

Exocrine Secretions of the Pancreas Function Sodium bicarbonate Neutralizes HCl Zymogens Active digestive enzymes trypsinogen becomes trypsin, protein chymotrypsinogen becomes chymotrysin, protein procarboxypeptidase becomes carboxypeptidase, aminoacid Enzymes amylase Digests starch lipase Digests fat ribonuclease Digests RNA deoxyribonuclease Digests DNA

인슐린 글루카곤 소마토스타틴

microscopic anatomy of th pancreas