제 15 장 < 수 동 태 >

She (주어) loves (동사) him(목적어). (능동태) ◈( 수 동 태 )=> be + 과거분사(p.p.) ◈ She (주어) loves (동사) him(목적어). (능동태) He is loved by her. (수동태) (수동태 주어) (be +과거분사) (by+목적격) ※ 능동태 => 수동태 (현 재) He paints those pictures. => Those pictures by him. are painted (과 거) Mary took care of the children. => The children by Mary. were taken care of (미 래) We will elect a new president. => A new president by us. will be elected (현,과,미:완료형) They have broken the window. => The window by them. has been broken

(현,과:진행형) She is making a doll. => A doll by her. is being made (조동사) You must do the work at once. => The work at once by you. must be done ◈ 수동태 불가능 동사:have, meet, become(어울리다) resemble(닮다): He has a car.⇒A car is had by him.(X) ※ 4 형식의 수동태 : S+V+I.O+D.O I gave him the book. => (직목 주어로) => (간목 주어로) The book was given (to) him by me. He was given the book by me. She bought me a bike. => (직목 주어로) => A bike was bought for me by her. I was bought a bike by her. (X):간목 주어 수동不 ◈read,write,pass,sing,get,buy,bring,make:직목 수동

He was elected chairman by us. ※ 5 형식의 수동태 : S + V + O + O.C a. We elected him chairman. => b. The lady asked us to push her car. c. Mother made us work hard. (사역동사) d. I saw him enter the room. (지각동사) He was elected chairman by us. We were asked to push her car by the lady. We were made hard by Mother. to work He was seen the room by me. to enter ※ 부정문의 수동태 ( She liked him.) She did not like him. → => Mary will not play the piano. He was liked by her. not The piano will be played by Mary. not

By whom was this window broken? ※ 의문문 수동태 1. Did you find the book? (수동태 변환 순서 유의) a)평서문 으로 : You found the book. b)수 동 태 로 : The book was found by you. c)의문문(정답): Was the book found by you? 2. Who broke this window? (수동태로) a)평서문 으로 : He broke this window. b)수동태로 : This window was broken by him. c)의문문 : Was this window broken by him? (= by whom) d)(정답) : (= ) By whom was this window broken? Who was this window broken by ?

a) I had (got) my radio repaired. (능동형 수동태) (뜻) ※ have(get) + O + p.p =>a) ~을 시키다 b) ~을 당하다 a) I had (got) my radio repaired. (능동형 수동태) (뜻) b) I had (got) my money stolen. My radio was repaired by the repairman. My money was stolen by someone. ※ 능동 수동태로 해석 => The book sells well.(팔린다) The house is building. ◈ by 이외의 전치사 ◈ The news surprised me.=> I was surprised at the news. ◈ be known( to , by, for ) ~에게 알려지다, ~로 알 수 있다, ~로 유명하다 ◈ be filled with ◈ be covered with ◈ be pleased with ◈ be killed by(with)◈ be married to ◈ be interested in ◈ be satisfied with ◈ be disappointed at(in) ◈ be made of(from) ◈ be worried about

My homework will be finished tonight. (by me) 일반인, 막연한 사람) 및 관용 수동형 My homework will be finished tonight. (by me) English is spoken in America. (by them) He was killed in the war (by them). I was born in 1960. The games were held in Seoul. The school is located(=is situated) on the hill. ◈ ( 기타 수동태 ) ◈ 1. 명령문 a)긍정명령:( ) * Do it at once.=> b)부정명령:( ) * Don’t kill the bird.=> Let + O + be + p.p Let it be done at once. Let+O+not be+p.p, Don’t let+O+be+p.p Let the bird not be killed. (or) Don’t let the bird be killed.

2. 목적어 명사절( 주절, 종속절 :시제 관계 에 유의) a) I believed that he was rich. => b) Nobody believes that he was rich. *(no = not any) It was believed by me that he was rich. He was believed to be rich by me. (단순부정사) It is not believed by anybody that he was rich. He is not believed to have been rich by anybody. (완료형 부정사) ※수동형 문장: 동작(~되어지다)과 상태(~되어져 있다) The gate is opened at six. (동작) The gate is opened. (상태) You will get(=become) used to such things.(동작)