Ch04. Verbs Tenses: Future Time 정샘 영어 Academy Understanding and Using English Grammar

SY English Academy2 Context  Simple Future: Will and Be going to  Expressing the Future in Time Clauses  Using the simple present and the present progressive to express the Future time  Future Progressive  Future Perfect and Future Perfect Progressive  Expressing Present & Future in the Past

SY English Academy3 1. Expressing Future 1. 예측 (Prediction) -Prediction 의 미일 경우, be going to, 나 will 둘 다 사용가능 현재시점에 서의 미래 표현 According to the weather report, it will be cloudy tomorrow. = According to the weather report, it is going to be cloudy tomorrow. Be careful, you’ll hurt yourself. Watch out you are going to hurt yourself. 미래 : 미래의 어느 한 시점에 ( 현재의 조건을 기준으로 ) 일어 날 일들에 대해 표현 will / be going to + 동사원형 Will not = won’t 과거시점에 서의 미래 표현 2. 의지 (willingness) 현재시점에 서의 미래 표현 The phone is ring. Somebody please answer it.  I’ll get it. (O) // 화자의 willingness  I’m going to get it. (X) I will call you tomorrow morning. // 말하는 시점에서의 의사결정 말하는 시점에서의 의사결정 을 할 경우 Willingness 의미일경우 will 만 가능 과거시점에 서의 미래 표현

SY English Academy4 1. Expressing Future : 현재시점에서의 미래표현 1. 예측 (Prediction) -Prediction 의 미일 경우, be going to, 나 will 둘 다 사용 가능 According to the weather report, it will be cloudy tomorrow. = According to the weather report, it is going to be cloudy tomorrow. Be careful, you’ll hurt yourself. Watch out you are going to hurt yourself. 미래 : 미래의 어느 한 시점에 ( 현재의 조건을 기준으로 ) 일어날 일들에 대해 표현 will / be going to + 동 사원형 Will not = won’t 2. 의지 (willingness) The phone is ring. Somebody please answer it.  I’ll get it. (O) // 화자의 willingness  I’m going to get it. (X) I will call you tomorrow morning. // 말하는 시점에서의 의사결정 말하는 시점에서의 의 사결정을 할 경우 Willingness 의미일경 우 will 만 가능 3. 시간, 일정 또는 계획 (Timetable, schedule, Plan) Why did you buy this paint?  I’m going to paint my house tomorrow. Are you busy this evening?  Yes, I’m going to go shopping. // prior plan. Be going to 만 가능  Well, I really haven’t any plan yet. I’ll/am going to eat dinner with my friend at the mall. Or, I’ll probably watch TV at home. (I’m probably going to) // predicting prior plan 이나 과거의 결정 (decision made in the past) 을 기준으로 미 래의 의도를 표현하는 경우, is going to 만 가능 going to = gonna 4. 단순미래 (Simple future)

SY English Academy5 1. The Simple Future: Will and Be Going To He will finish his work tomorrow. = He is going to finish his work tomorrow. Anna will not be here tomorrow. = Anna won’t be here tomorrow. 미래 : 미래의 어느 한 시점에 ( 현재의 조건을 기준으로 ) 일어날 일들에 대해 표현 will / be going to + 동 사원형 Will not = won’t Prediction 의미일 경우, be going to, 나 will 둘 다 사용가능 According to the weather report, it will be cloudy tomorrow. = According to the weather report, it is going to be cloudy tomorrow. Be careful, you’ll hurt yourself. Watch out you are going to hurt yourself. Why did you buy this paint?  I’m going to paint my house tomorrow. Are you busy this evening?  Yes, I’m going to go shopping. // prior plan. Be going to 만 가능  Well, I really haven’t any plan yet. I’ll/am going to eat dinner with my friend at the mall. Or, I’ll probably watch TV at home. (I’m probably going to) // predicting prior plan 이나 과거의 결정 (decision made in the past) 을 기준으로 미 래의 의도를 표현하는 경우, is going to 만 가능 going to = gonna 1) I will call you tomorrow morning. // 말하는 시점에서의 의사결정 2) The phone is ring. Somebody please answer it.  I’ll get it. (O) // 화자의 willingness  I’m going to get it. (X) 말하는 시점에서의 의 사결정을 할 경우 Willingness 의미일경 우 will 만 가능 Simple Future now PastFuture

SY English Academy6 2. Expressing the future in time clauses Bob will come soon. When bob comes, we will see him. Linda is going to leave soon. Before she leaves, she is going to finish her homework. I will get home at 6:30 PM. After I get home, I will eat dinner. The taxi will arrive soon. As soon as it arrives, we’ll be bale to leave for the airport. They are going to come soon. I’ll wait until they come. 시간의 부사절에서는 현재시제가 미래시제 대신 사용 시간의 부사절 - when, after, before, as soon as, until, while 등 While I am traveling in Europe next year, I’m going to save money by staying in youth hostels. While you are at school, I’ll be at work. While 의 시간의 부시 절에서는 현재진행형, 현재형 둘다 가능. 시간 의 부사절에서의 현재진 행형은 미래에 동작이 진행중일 것임을 강조 I will go to bed after I finish my work. I will go to bed after I have finished my work.

SY English Academy7 3. Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to express the Future 현재 진행형 My wife has an appointment. My wife is seeing a doctor next Monday. Sam has already made his plans. He is leaving at noon tomorrow. What are you going to do this afternoon? I am meeting a friend of mine. Would you like come along. Planned event 나 definite intention 일 경우 진행형으로 미래 표현 현재형 The museum opens at ten tomorrow morning. Classes begin next week. Anna’s plane arrives at 7:00 PM next Monday. Definite schedule 이나 timetable 일 경우 현재시 제가 미래 표현 가능 - Open, close, begin, end, start, finish, arrive, leave, come, return 같은 단어

SY English Academy8 4. Future Progressive I will begin to study at 8:00 PM. You will come at 8:30 PM. I will be studying when you come. // 시간의 부사절에서는 현재 형사용 Right now I am sitting in class. At the same time tomorrow, I will be sitting in class. 미래진행 : will be + ing / be going to be + ing 미래진행은 미래 의 어떤 행위가 미 래의 어떤 불특정 시간에 진행중일 것 임을 의미. Don’t call me tonight. I won’t be at home. I am going to be studying at the library. // planned activity 미래진형형과 미래형의 비교 Don’t get impatient. She will be coming soon. = Don’t get impatient. She will come soon. soon 과 같이 indefinite time 을 의 미하는 단어와 함께 쓰일 시 미래진행이 나 미래형이 둘 다 가능. Future Progressive now startFinish?

SY English Academy9 5. The Future Perfect vs. Future Perfect Progressive I will graduate in June. I will see you in July. By the next time I see you, I will have graduated. I will have finished my homework by the time I go out on a date tonight. // 1 st : will have finished my homework. 2 nd : go out on a date tonight 미래완료 : will have + PP 미래의 어느 한 행위가 미래 의 다른 행위 시점에 시작되 기전에 완료되었음을 의미. Express an activity that will be completed before another time or event in the future. - by the time, by the next time + 현재형 I will go to bed at ten P.M. He will get home at midnight. At midnight I will be sleeping. I will have been sleeping for two hours by the time he gets home. 미래완료진행 : will have been + ing 한 사건이 미래에 발생해서 미래의 다른 사건이나 activity 이전에 진행됨을 강 조. activity 의 Duration 을 강 조. - By the time, for When professor Jones retires next month, he will have taught for 30 years. When professor Jones retires next month, he will have been teaching for 30 years. 어떤 경우 미래완료진행과 미래완료와 차이가 없음. 이 문장의 행위는 과거부터 시작되어 미래에 끝남 Future Perfect now startFinish? now startFinish? now startFinish? Future Perfect Progressive

SY English Academy10 6. Expressing Present and Future in the Past If I had the money now I'd buy a car. If you caught the ten o'clock train tomorrow you would be in London by supper- time, unless the train was delayed, of course. You look as if you were just about to scream. Supposing we didn't go on holiday next year? Would you follow me wherever I went? In a perfect world, you would be able to say exactly what you thought. Ten o'clock - it's time (that) you went home. Don't come and see me today - I'd rather 가정법 Unreal 의 경우 과거동사가 과거의 action/ 상태가 아닌 현재 또는 미래를 의미