제 3 장 <구&절, 구조상 문장 종류> 제 3 장 <구&절, 구조상 문장 종류>

:(Phrase) 2개 이상 낱말이 한 품사 역할 :(Clause) {주부+술부=>有(절), 無(구) } 구 & 절 :(Phrase) 2개 이상 낱말이 한 품사 역할 :(Clause) {주부+술부=>有(절), 無(구) } 1. 명사구, 명사절( S, O, C, 로 쓰임 =>명사 역할) (구) To tell a lie is wrong. ( ) = It is wrong to tell a lie. My aim in life is to become a teacher. ( ) I don’t know what to do.( ){의문사+to부정사} S C O what I should do. (명사절) (절) That you are wrong is clear. ( ) = It is clear that you are wrong. This is what I wanted. ( ) I know that he is a liar. ( ) S C O

2. 형용사구,형용사절(명사 or 대명사 수식, 보어) The girl with red hair is very pretty. I have something to give you. :제한(한정)적 This is of no use. (=useless). (보어:서술적 용법) (구) I know the girl who is playing the piano. This is the house where I was born. (절) 3. 부사구, 부사절 a) 동사 or 형용사 or 부사 or 문장 전체를 수식 b) 이유, 시간, 장소, 원인, 목적, 결과, 조건, 양보 의 내용 일 때 => 부사절 Put the book on the desk. English is difficult to learn. To tell the truth, I don’t like him. (문장수식) (구)

As (Because) he is ill, he can’t go with you. (부사절)=> 명사적, 형용사적 용법이 아닌 대부분의 절 As (Because) he is ill, he can’t go with you. ( 이 유 ) Where there is a will, there is a way. ( 장 소 ) He works hard that he may succeed. ( 목 적 ): ~하기 위하여 Though he is young, he is very careful. ( 양 보 ):비록 ~일지라도 If you work hard, you will succeed. *( 조건 부사절 )=> :현재형으로 미래 대용 When I see him, I will tell him so. *( 시간 부사절 )=> :현재형으로 미래 대용 비(Tell me when he comes.) 교(Tell me when he will come.) 시간부사절:(현재형:미래뜻) 명사절:(D.O:간접의문)

구조상 文 의 종류 1. 단문(單文): 2. 중문(重文): 3. 복문(複文): S(주부) +V(술부) 가 1개인 문장 The Sun sets in the West. S+V가 2개 이상이며 등위 접속사 ( and, but, or, for, so..)로 연결됨 I am a teacher and you are a student. Summer has come, but it is not very hot. S+V가 2개 이상이나 주절과 종속절(명사,형용사,부사)절의 관계인 문장 I know that he is honest. (명사절) I don’t know if (=whether) I can do it (or not). ◈ ( if, whether =>명사절 접속사 : ~ 인지 아닌지) This is the house which I was born in. (형용절) If you work hard, you will succeed. (부사절)

※의문사 + to 부정사 ⇔ 의문사+ S + should +원형 < 명 사 구> < 명 사 절 > (what, when, where, how, which, where) + to부정사 I don’t know what to do. (단문) = I can teach you how to train a dog. (단문) I don’t know what I should do. (복문) I can teach you how you should ( or could ) train a dog. (복문) ※物(사물,추상명사)주어인 構文=>사람주어로 해석 What makes you so angry? (物 主 構 文) :(단문) = His carelessness made her angry. (物) : (단문) His youth enables him to work. (物) : (단문) Why are you so angry? (人主語構文) : (단문) As he was careless, she got angry. (人) : (복문) He can work because he is young. (人) : (복문)